Hamletul sud-coreean, cea mai frumoasă surpriză a Festivalului Internaţional Shakespeare
Filed Under (Articole) by firica on 26-07-2010
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rezentare la cea de a şaptea ediţie a Festivalului Shakespeare. Dacă japonezii din Niigata nu au mai putut onora invitaţia, sud-coreenii din Miriang City (Street Theatre Troupe) veniră în Cetatea Banilor cu un Hamlet despre care, stârnind polemici, spun că a reprezentat cea mai frumoasă surpriză a Festivalului din acest an. Am aşteptat cu un nedisimulat interes seara în care pe scena Teatrului „Marin Sorescu” urma să joace trupa din Miriang City, provocat fiind şi de faptul că pelicula sud-coreeană „Ha ha ha” reuşise să câştige secţiunea Un Certain Regard la Cannes. Orice s-ar spune, publicul din Craiova avea privilegiul de a gusta dintr-un experiment regizoral refuzat atâtor scene ale lumii şi, din nou, spun că întâlnirea dintre cele două culturi este un spectacol în sine.
Pariul vieţii lui Lee Youn-Taek, deopotrivă jurnalist, poet, dramaturg şi regizor, este acela de transpune marile capodopere ale dramaturgiei într-un stil coreean, adaptând teatrul tradiţional la gusturile unui spectator cosmopolit. Fondator al Institutului Coreean de Teatru în 1994, acesta a avut curajul de a construi o punte între teatrul tradiţional şi ceea ce se întâmplă în marile centre teatrale ale lumii. Enumerarea experimentelor sale îndrăzneţe exclude orice tentaţie de a considera succesul cu Hamlet un simplu accident fericit: „Ogu”, „Faust”, „Hamlet”, „Regele Lear”, „Furtuna”, „Mother”, „Ba-Bo-Gak-Si”, „Citizen K”, „King Yeoun San”, „Queen of Tears”, „Eclipse”, „Do-Sol-Ga”, „Jo Nam Myung”, „Seoul Citizen 1919” şi „Ok Dan Uh”. Viziunea regizorală a lui Lee Youn-Taek înseamnă dinamism şi culoare, dans şi animaţie scenică de ansamblu. Cel care a fondat încă din 1986 Street Theatre Troupe, ansamblu gândit pentru a oferi spectacole de stradă, în mijlocul publicului, a rămas fidel debutului de sondare a limitelor îmbinării tradiţiei teatrului coreean cu cel al teatrului european.
În Hamlet, scenele sunt reinventate şi transpuse cu ajutorul instrumentelor tradiţionale, nelipsind costumele de epocă, într-un colorit viu, pe o scenă dominată de arborele vieţii. Sunetul ritmat prin nelipsitele tobe şi instrumente cu coarde, dansul măştilor şi mişcările dansatorilor au transformat scena într-un vârtej de culoare şi dinamism. Actorii sunt şi adevăraţi atleţi în acelaşi timp, suprasolicitaţi fizic de la începutul piesei până la părăsirea scenei. Pentru un european, opera shakesperiană în care se îmbină elemente de pansori (muzică tradiţională coreeană cu percuţie şi voce) şi sanjo este pe cât de stranie, pe atât de minunată, prin descoperirea imenselor şi inepuizabilelor modalităţi de expresie ale teatrului oriental.
Hamlet este un nebun zdrenţăros, un cerşetor agil şi un nebun abil, interpretat remarcabil de Ji Hyunjun. Personajul său se apropie foarte mult de modelul chinenezesc al eroului hoinar. Scena duelului este încă un argument pentru apropierea dintre cele două mari şcoli teatrale.
Bae Boram a oferit una dintre cele mai bune interpretări ale Ofeliei în cadrul reprezentărilor ediţiei cu numărul şapte a Festivalului. Naivitatea copilei seduse şi autoabandonarea, mai întâi în braţele dragostei, apoi în cele ale morţii, cântecul tânguitor şi prevestitor al unei nenorociri fără margini aduc lângă Hamletul coreean o fiinţă fragilă şi un personaj de o tristeţe suavă, rod al unei interpretări excelente.
De la intrarea pe scenă, actorii străbătând sala tocmai pentru a păstra legătura cu publicul în mijlocul căruia revin în anumite scene, corul dă armonie întregului ansamblu actoricesc. O maşinărie perfectă pare trupa care interpretează o partitură menită a-l acompania pe Ji Hyunjun, care dă strălucire unui rol pe care nu mi-l imaginam atât de spectaculos transpus în versiune coreeană. Imaginea celor doi îndrăgostiţi peste care se aruncă ţărâna sub care vor dormi rămâne una dintre cele mai puternice văzute pe scena naţionalului craiovean, un alt moment de măiestrie artistică etalat de actorii sud-coreeni. Poate cuvintele vor fi suspectate ca izvorând fie dintr-o generozitate exagerată, fie ca rod al unei surprize pentru spectatorul puţin avizat, prizonier al unei imagini mutilate ani de-a rândul de filmele nord-coreene. Însă cine s-a lăsat copleşit de jocul animat şi de feeria costumelor coreene va fi iertat pentru exclamaţii efuzive, rezumând totul la o invitaţie de a căuta profunzimea artei Extremului Orient în orice chip al manifestării sale.
Finalul este regizat în manieră tradiţională, semnificând reînvierea şi reintegrarea în natură, ca o istorie ciclică pe care spectatorul este provocat să o reinterpreteze, la rândul său actor pe scena vieţii. Năluca lui Hamlet, un nud sculptural aproape perfect, iluminează sala şi neantizează orice încercare de a înţelege spectacolul lumii. Spectatorul îşi simte sufletul dezgolit pe scenă, după jocul plin de hazard şi întrebări istovitoare, într-un peisaj dureros de alb, care se retrage nu pentru a goli viaţa de sensuri, ci pentru a lăsa tăcerea să lămurească până şi cele mai vanitoase spirite. Actorii ies din scenă aidoma nălucilor, transfiguraţi după un joc intens, de o duritate extremă, pentru a reveni chemaţi de ropotele de aplauze ale unui public sedus şi neabandonat. Absenţa de pe agenda festivalului a Street Theatre Troupe din Miriang City ar fi văduvit publicul craiovean de una dintre cele mai interesante reprezentaţii. Lee Youn-Taek, acest surprinzător regizor, a câştigat pariul cu sine şi cu publicul de pretutindeni. Aşteptările au fost nu doar pe deplin, ci şi depăşite copios.
MIHAI FIRICĂ
Distribuţia
- Hamlet Ji Hyunjun
- Gertrude Kim Sohee
- Claudius Lee Seungheon
- Horaţio Kim Misook
- Polonius Oh Dongsik
- Ofelia, Actor Bae Boram, Jung Youngmi
- Laertes Seo Seunghyun
- Guildenstern Cho Hwayoung
- Rosencrantz Kwoun Suyeon
- Fortinbras Yoon Jeongseop
- Actor 1 Han Sangmin
- Actor 2 Yeum Soonsik
- Actor 3 Cha Seorin
(SpectActor, iulie-agust)
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